Saturday, February 27, 2010

adverbs

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Sweetly Bitterly

Repeatedly Grimly

Nearly Correctly

Happily Incorrectly

Unhappily Accurately

Sadly Inaccurately

Enthusiastically Differently

Unenthusiastically Similarly

Angrily Readily

Easily Handily

Poorly Abundantly

Aggressively Restfully

Sharply Dumbly

Dully Passively

Quickly Lazily

Slowly Energetically

Continuously Occasionally

Progressively Frankly

Generously Honestly

Cheaply Stingily

Expensively Lavishly

Inexpensively Joyfully

Grandly Painfully

Foolishly Sadly

Stupidly Doubtfully

Intelligently Hastily

Dimly Hotly

Brightly Coldly

Idiotically Cooley

Dumbly Fitfully

Smartly Deadly

Recently Regularly

Lately Inevitably

Fortunately Readily

Unfortunately Handily

Weakly Carefully

Strongly Carelessly

Smartly Spitefully

Stupidly Visibly

Willingly Invisibly

Unwillingly Scientifically

Loudly Literally

Quietly Figuratively

Memorably Rapidly

ADVERBS






Adverbs Vocabulary Word List More on Adverbs More Word Banks

A

aboardabnormallyaboutabroadabsentmindedlyabsolutelyabundantlyaccidentally accordinglyactuallyacutelyadmiringlyaffectionatelyaffirmativelyafter afterwardsagreeablyalmostalreadyalwaysamazinglyangrilyannoyingly annuallyanxiouslyanyhowanyplaceanywayanywhereappropriately aroundarrogantlyasideassuredlyastonishinglyawayawfullyawkwardly



B

badlybarelybashfullybeautifullybefore begrudginglybelievablybitterlybleakly blindlyblissfullyboldlyboastfully boldlyboyishlybravelybriefly brightlybrilliantlybrisklybrutallybusily



C

calmlycandidlycarefullycarelesslycasuallycautiously certainlycharminglycheerfullychieflychildishlycleanlyclearly cleverlycloselycloudilyclumsilycoaxinglycoincidentallycoldly colorfullycommonlycomfortablycompactlycompletelyconsequentlyconsiderably continuallycontinuouslycoollycorrectlycourageouslycovertly cowardlycrosslycruellycunninglycuriouslycurrentlycutely



D

dailydaintilydangerouslydaringlydarklydastardly dearlydecentlydeeplydefiantlydeftlydeliberately delicatelydelightfullydenselydiagonallydifferently diligentlydimlydirectlydisorderlydivisivelydocilely dopilydoubtfullydowndramaticallydreamilyduring



E

eagerlyearlyearnestlyeasilyefficientlyeffortlesslyelaborately eloquentlyelegantlyelsewhereemotionallyenergeticallyenjoyablyenormously enoughenthusiasticallyentirelyequallyespeciallyessentiallyeternally ethicallyevenevenlyeventuallyevermoreeveryeverywhere evidentlyevocativelyexactlyexceedinglyexceptionallyexcitedlyexclusively explicitlyexpresslyextensivelyexternallyextraextraordinarilyextremely



F

fairlyfaithfullyfamouslyfar fashionablyfastfatallyfavorably ferociouslyferventlyfiercelyfiery finallyfinanciallyfinitelyfluentlyfondly foolishlyformallyformerlyfortunately forwardfranklyfranticallyfreely freneticallyfullyfuriouslyfurthermore



G

generallygenerouslygenuinely gentlygenuinelygirlishlygladly gleefullygracefullygraciously graduallygratefullygreatly greedilygrimlygrudgingly



H

half-heartedlyhandilyhandsomelyhaphazardlyhappily hastilyharmoniouslyhastilyhatefullyhauntingly healthilyheartilyheavilyhelpfullyhencehighly hithertohonestlyhopelesslyhorizontallyhourlyhow howeverhugelyhumorouslyhungrilyhurriedlyhysterically



I

icilyidioticallyimaginativelyimmeasurablyimmediately immenselyimpatientlyimpressivelyinappropriatelyincessantlyincorrectly indeedindependentlyindoorsindubitablyinevitably infinitelyinformallyinfrequentlyinnocentlyinquisitively instantlyintelligentlyintenselyintentlyinterestingly internallyinvisiblyinwardlyironicallyirrefutablyirritably



J

jaggedlyjauntily jealouslyjovially joyfullyjoylessly joyouslyjubilantly judgmentallyjust justly



K

keenlykiddingly kindheartedlykindly knavishlyknottily knowinglyknowledgeably kookily



L

lastlylatelatelylater lazilylesslightlylikely limplylithelylivelyloftily longinglylooselyloudly lovinglyloyallyluckilyluxuriously



M

madlymagicallymainlymajesticallymaterially meaningfullymeanlymeantimemeanwhilemeasurablymechanicallymedically menacinglymerelymerrilymethodicallymightily miserablymockinglymonthlymorally moremoreovermortallymostlymysteriously



N

nastilynaturallynaughtily nearbynearlyneatly needilynegativelynervouslynever neverthelessnextnicelynightly noisilynormallynosily notnownowadaysnumbly



O

obedientlyobnoxiouslyobviously occasionallyoddlyoffensivelyofficially oftenominouslyonceonly openlyoptimisticallyorderlyoutdoors outrageouslyoutwardlyoutwardsoverconfidentlyoverseas



P

painfullypainlesslyparadoxicallypartiallyparticularlypassionately patientlyperfectlyperiodicallyperpetuallypersistentlypersonally persuasivelyphysicallyplainlyplayfullypoeticallypoignantly politelypoorlypositivelypossiblypotentially powerfullypresentlypresumablyprettilypreviouslyprimly principallyprobablypromptlyproperlyproudlypunctually



Q

quaintlyqueasily questionablyquestioningly quickerquickly quietlyquirkily quitequizzically



R

randomlyrapidlyrarelyreadilyreally reasonablyreassuringlyrecentlyrecklesslyregularly reliablyreluctantlyremarkablyrepeatedlyreproachfully reponsiblyresentfullyrespectablyrespectfullyrestfully richlyridiculouslyrighteouslyrightfullyrightly rigidlyroughlyroutinelyrudelyruthlessly



S

sadlysafelyscarcelyscarilyscientificallysearchinglysecretivelysecurelysedatelyseeminglyseldomselfishly separatelyseriouslyshakilysharplysheepishlyshoddilyshortlyshrillysignificantlysilentlysimplysincerelysingularly shylyskillfullysleepilyslightlyslowlyslylysmoothlysosoftlysolelysolemnlysolidlysomehow sometimessomewhatsomewheresoonspeciallyspecificallyspectacularlyspeedilyspirituallysplendidlysporadicallystartlinglysteadily stealthilysternlystillstrenuouslystressfullystrictlystructurallystudiouslystupidlystylishlysubstantiallysubtly successfullysuddenlysufficientlysuitablysuperficiallysupremelysurelysurprisinglysuspiciouslysweetlyswiftlysympatheticallysystematically



T

temporarilytenderlytensely tepidlyterriblythankfullythereby thoroughlythoughtfullythustightly todaytogethertomorrow toototallytouchingly tremendouslytrulytruthfullytwice



U

ultimatelyunabashedlyunanimouslyunbearablyunbelievably unemotionallyunethicallyunexpectedlyunfavorablyunfortunately uniformlyunilaterallyunimpressivelyuniversallyunnaturallyunnecessarily unquestionablyunwillinglyupupbeatupliftinglyupright unselfishlyupside-downunskillfullyupwardupwardly urgentlyusefullyuselesslyusuallyutterly



V

vacantlyvaguely vainlyvaliantly vastlyverballyvertically veryviciouslyvictoriously vigorouslyviolentlyvisibly visuallyvivaciouslyvoluntarily



W

warmlyweaklywearily weeklywellwetlywhen wherewhilewhole-heartedlywholly whywickedlywidelywiggly wildlywillfullywillinglywisely woefullywonderfullyworriedlywrongly



Y

yearly yearningly yesterday yet youthfully



Z

zanily zealously zestfully zestily

Click Here for K-3 Themes

v

AMERICAN BEUTY

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BODY LANGUAGE: ITS IMPORTANT

body languageWhen working with other people, verbal communication is only one way that you show others emotion, approval, disappointment and confidence. How you walk, how you position yourself when talking and how you use your facial expression are all cues that other people rely on when making assessments about your abilities and current state of mind.







Using Body Language in the Workplace






The more you understand body language and its affect on others, the better you will be in communicating with co-workers, bosses, clients, vendors and others you encounter during the day. By making simple adjustments to your posture, facial expressions and mannerisms, you can improve the way others view you. Assessing how people view you is necessary in order to make changes.






Ask those around you whose opinion you can trust to determine where improvements need to be made.






Adjustments can include the following:






* Maintaining a relaxed posture while walking or during a meeting. Relaxed posture indicates you're comfortable in your surroundings and not under stress. Even if you experience stress while working on a project, when you reduce the appearance of stress, those around you will feel more comfortable and will have more faith in your abilities to lead, delegate responsibility and manage the project.






* Mannerisms such as fidgeting, moving around a room while talking, breaking eye contact with others frequently and other bodily quirks you have can be seen as a distraction to those around you. These mannerisms can make you appear anxious, unprepared, unorganized, and stressed even if you're not. Learn how to control these mannerisms by taking note of when they occur, how often they occur, and consider ways to alter them. Many times, mannerisms are just old habits that need to be broken.






* Learning how to control your facial expressions can help you become more successful in the workplace. If people often ask if you're upset or angry, it may be because you're constantly frowning or you appear sad. Change your facial expressions by practicing in the mirror. Find an expression that is relaxed and calm and make an attempt to wear it as often as possible around others. Once you're learned how to use your body language to communicate more effectively in the workplace, you will notice a change in how others react to you.






Assessing the Body Language of Others






If you're always the last person in the office to know when something is wrong, then maybe you need to pay closer attention the signals others are sending through their body language.






Noticing how people walk, how they carry themselves and how their faces appear during the day can provide you with many clues. Even though they may be sending the wrong signals, you should still take note of them so you can assess situations more confidently instead of relying on the perceptions of others. Becoming more observant of body language when hiring new employees can also help you choose the right candidates for positions available. Take notice of how they present their resume to you, how they sit and how their facial expressions change as they talk about prior job experiences. Use your observations in conjunction with their resume and references to determine if they are right for the company you work forWhen working with other people, verbal communication is only one way that you show others emotion, approval, disappointment and confidence. How you walk, how you position yourself when talking and how you use your facial expression are all cues that other people rely on when making assessments about your abilities and current state of mind.







Using Body Language in the Workplace






The more you understand body language and its affect on others, the better you will be in communicating with co-workers, bosses, clients, vendors and others you encounter during the day. By making simple adjustments to your posture, facial expressions and mannerisms, you can improve the way others view you. Assessing how people view you is necessary in order to make changes.






Ask those around you whose opinion you can trust to determine where improvements need to be made.






Adjustments can include the following:






* Maintaining a relaxed posture while walking or during a meeting. Relaxed posture indicates you're comfortable in your surroundings and not under stress. Even if you experience stress while working on a project, when you reduce the appearance of stress, those around you will feel more comfortable and will have more faith in your abilities to lead, delegate responsibility and manage the project.






* Mannerisms such as fidgeting, moving around a room while talking, breaking eye contact with others frequently and other bodily quirks you have can be seen as a distraction to those around you. These mannerisms can make you appear anxious, unprepared, unorganized, and stressed even if you're not. Learn how to control these mannerisms by taking note of when they occur, how often they occur, and consider ways to alter them. Many times, mannerisms are just old habits that need to be broken.






* Learning how to control your facial expressions can help you become more successful in the workplace. If people often ask if you're upset or angry, it may be because you're constantly frowning or you appear sad. Change your facial expressions by practicing in the mirror. Find an expression that is relaxed and calm and make an attempt to wear it as often as possible around others. Once you're learned how to use your body language to communicate more effectively in the workplace, you will notice a change in how others react to you.






Assessing the Body Language of Others






If you're always the last person in the office to know when something is wrong, then maybe you need to pay closer attention the signals others are sending through their body language.






Noticing how people walk, how they carry themselves and how their faces appear during the day can provide you with many clues. Even though they may be sending the wrong signals, you should still take note of them so you can assess situations more confidently instead of relying on the perceptions of others. Becoming more observant of body language when hiring new employees can also help you choose the right candidates for positions available. Take notice of how they present their resume to you, how they sit and how their facial expressions change as they talk about prior job experiences. Use your observations in conjunction with their resume and references to determine if they are right for the company you work forWhen working with other people, verbal communication is only one way that you show others emotion, approval, disappointment and confidence. How you walk, how you position yourself when talking and how you use your facial expression are all cues that other people rely on when making assessments about your abilities and current state of mind.







Using Body Language in the Workplace






The more you understand body language and its affect on others, the better you will be in communicating with co-workers, bosses, clients, vendors and others you encounter during the day. By making simple adjustments to your posture, facial expressions and mannerisms, you can improve the way others view you. Assessing how people view you is necessary in order to make changes.






Ask those around you whose opinion you can trust to determine where improvements need to be made.






Adjustments can include the following:






* Maintaining a relaxed posture while walking or during a meeting. Relaxed posture indicates you're comfortable in your surroundings and not under stress. Even if you experience stress while working on a project, when you reduce the appearance of stress, those around you will feel more comfortable and will have more faith in your abilities to lead, delegate responsibility and manage the project.






* Mannerisms such as fidgeting, moving around a room while talking, breaking eye contact with others frequently and other bodily quirks you have can be seen as a distraction to those around you. These mannerisms can make you appear anxious, unprepared, unorganized, and stressed even if you're not. Learn how to control these mannerisms by taking note of when they occur, how often they occur, and consider ways to alter them. Many times, mannerisms are just old habits that need to be broken.






* Learning how to control your facial expressions can help you become more successful in the workplace. If people often ask if you're upset or angry, it may be because you're constantly frowning or you appear sad. Change your facial expressions by practicing in the mirror. Find an expression that is relaxed and calm and make an attempt to wear it as often as possible around others. Once you're learned how to use your body language to communicate more effectively in the workplace, you will notice a change in how others react to you.






Assessing the Body Language of Others






If you're always the last person in the office to know when something is wrong, then maybe you need to pay closer attention the signals others are sending through their body language.






Noticing how people walk, how they carry themselves and how their faces appear during the day can provide you with many clues. Even though they may be sending the wrong signals, you should still take note of them so you can assess situations more confidently instead of relying on the perceptions of others. Becoming more observant of body language when hiring new employees can also help you choose the right candidates for positions available. Take notice of how they present their resume to you, how they sit and how their facial expressions change as they talk about prior job experiences. Use your observations in conjunction with their resume and references to determine if they are right for the company you work for

Wednesday, February 24, 2010

rail budget

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rail budget 2010

हेय दीदी १३०० karod kahan le jaa o gi




thanks kangan

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idioms

1. He that ___ nothing, doubts nothing.







2. Love sees ___ faults.






3. Things are not always ___ they seem.






4. A chain is no stronger than its weakest ___.






5. Love ___ blind.






6. Don't put all your eggs in ___ basket.






7. Do as I say, and ___ as I do.






8. Ignorance of the law excuses ___ man.






9. Never speak ___ of the dead.






10. Marriages ___ made in heaven.










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1. Better late ___ never.




2. Don't put all your eggs in ___ basket.



3. The best things in life are ___.



4. No news ___ good news.



5. Old soldiers never ___, they simply fade away.



6. Fear is stronger ___ love.



7. Don't go near the water until you learn ___ to swim.



8. There's no ___ without fire.



9. A fool and his money ___ soon parted.



10. Every picture tells a ___.





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speak american english

Do you want to improve your American English pronunciation and speaking skills but just don't how to go about it? Here are our “must do” tips to instantly improve your American English.



1. Always speak slowly. One of the most common complaints I hear from people is that they have a difficult time understanding someone who speaks too quickly. This applies to both native American speakers and speakers of English as a second language. The goal here, of course, is not to speak too slowly, but slowly enough so that you have more time for your lips and tongue to reach the correct placement for sounds. Speaking more slowly will instantly help make your accent less pronounced. If you speak too quickly, your accent will sound heavier and your speech more difficult to understand. This is because your lips and tongue do not have enough time to form sounds correctly. Use an appropriate speaking rate as your fundamental speaking skill. This is the skill upon which every other skill is based. Master this, and you will be doing great!



2. Pronounce all the sounds in words. Pay special attention to pronouncing all the sounds in words when you speak. Right now, you may be omitting the final sound, the middle sound, or an unstressed syllable in a word. This can make your speech difficult to understand for your listener. Focusing on pronouncing all the sounds in words will instantly make your American English pronunciation better. It sounds easy, but it is actually difficult to do! Start learning when you omit sounds by practicing reading aloud slowly. Focus on each sound in every word as you speak, especially the final sounds of words. As it becomes easier, start incorporating this skill into your everyday speech. You will notice an instant change in your American English!



3. Stick to grammar you have mastered: American English, just like other languages, has a specific word order to follow, as well as ways to form types of words. If English is not your native language, then you are used to using a different grammar/word order system. What this means is that you will naturally make mistakes in American English grammar, even if you have studied grammar rules. Applying the rules can be difficult. Here is your grammar tip: when speaking to others, try to stick to using grammar structures you have mastered. If you have only mastered simple sentences, then you should use only simple sentences until you can use more advanced ones successfully. No one will think less of you for using simple structures. Believe it or not, they won’t even notice! What they will notice, however, is when you make a mistake. So, always follow this rule!



4. Record your speech often. The best tool for helping you understand what your speech sounds like to others is to record your speech. Do this very often! Awareness of the changes you need to make is the first step to changing your speech. Listening to your speech will help in every area of American English: It will help you become aware of the mistakes in pronunciation, grammar, stressing, intonation patterns, pausing, word connections, etc. Most computers have a built-in sound recorder that you can use for recording. If yours doesn’t have one, any tape recorder or digital recorder will do. You may need to have a microphone in order to hear your voice, so test out your equipment ahead of time. Once you are all set to go, record your speech for 1-2 minutes as you talk about any topic you would like. Now here is the hard part: go back and listen to your speech and analyze it. Try to be objective, and rate yourself according to how quickly you are speaking and how easy it is to understand your speech. Also, make a note of any words you hear that have sounds omitted. Remember, it is the final sound of words and sometimes the middle syllables that are most often omitted. A good habit to get into is to write down words you hear that are accented and practice them.



5. Speak loudly enough. Speaking volume is a very important part of oral communication for every language. Whether you are speaking to one person or ten people, you must be able to speak loudly enough so that your audience hears you comfortably. How do you know if you are not speaking loudly enough? If you tend to speak too softly, you may notice people asking you to repeat, to speak more loudly, or to clarify what you say. Expressions on people’s faces can also let you know that something is wrong. If you see people leaning forward in their seats, frowning, or turning an ear toward you, these are clear signs that you are speaking too softly. How can you adjust your speaking volume? It is not enough just to speak more loudly. You will want to practice aiming your voice at different locations, starting at three feet away, then five feet away, then ten feet away, etc. Each time you practice, find an object at a specific distance away and talk to it. Look at the object and aim your voice at it. You can also practice with another person as your helper. Ask the person to stand in a specific place and say something to him/her. If he/she can hear you comfortably, increase the distance and do it again. Speaking at an appropriate loudness will make you sound confident and in control; in the business world, these two qualities are extremely important!

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Monday, February 22, 2010

STUDYING TIPS

Ten Top Exam Revision Tips How to Revise for Exams in School, College and University A guide to the vital aspects of exam revision for students of all ages! CC 1. Don’t do it all at once. We only retain a certain amount of what we learn in a single sitting. You are far better off spreading your revision over a week than cramming the night before (if you have no choice, see here. Even fifteen minute slots before you go to bed each night, or on the journey to school can make all the difference. 2. Walk the dog (or tortoise, or small sibling, or whatever). Go for short walks whenever you can. The change of scenery will stimulate your imagination and your learning capabilities. Take a sheet of paper with a few quotes to learn for an essay, or some formulae, or a vocabulary list, and you’ll be surprised at how much more you take in just being outside. 3. Cram it all in – onto one sheet of paper, that is. Try to summarise a module or a topic on a single sheet of paper that you can stick to your wall. Not only will you be reminded of your notes whenever you walk past them, but fitting the material into a set space forces you to mentally organise the information, a massive step towards learning it. Making your notes is 50% of your revision 4. Get personal. Relate your notes to your bedroom, to your favourite colours, your favourite foods. Make up stories involving the information you have to learn. Once for an exam, I had to remember the stages of a phonological change called ‘Grimm’s Law’. It was indeed grim (just like that pun). 5. Get out the colouring pens! Making all of your revision notes in black ballpoint is fatal – buy some cheap felt tips and write different words in different colours. Pictures tell a thousand words, remember, especially if they’re in colour. 6. Shout it for the world to hear. You might feel an idiot at first, but it is definitely worth reading your revision notes aloud. Even better, get a friend to quiz you on the intricacies of electromagnets, or insist on explaining the plot of Hamlet to your mum. Speaking practice is essential for the revision of foreign languages. Even saying basic words like “yes” and “no” and “please pass the ketchup” in the language you are learning are steps towards fluency. 7. Learn it inside out and backwards. If you are learning a list of chemicals, then try saying the list backwards (without looking at your notes!). Spell words back to front to make sure you really know what they look like – just remember to get them the right way around in the exam. 8. Have a good gossip. Discuss your revision topics with a friend in the same class, especially if you will have to write essays in the exam. See what ideas you can glean from each other – it is surprising how differently two people can approach the same questions. 9. Test yourself both ways. Don’t just learn how to recognise French words: practice translating the English into French. Learn how to work out each segment of a formula triangle. 10. Practise, practise, practise. Find some past exam papers and have a go at the questions. There’s nothing like writing an essay on Shakespeare for really getting to know what you don’t yet know ... How to revise for exams Revising for exams is a very complex process, and it differs from one person to another. This is because revising implies learning theory, identifying and filling memory gaps, then relating and putting pieces of information together in order to solve problems. University exams are particularly challenging, due to the amount of theory involved and the complexity of the problems. Although there is no such thing as a perfect learning method that works for everyone, here are a few guidelines you can follow to improve your performances in this field: Understand the problem Read the courses very carefully, but don't try to memorize them, try understanding them. If you want to, you can memorize important things by writing them down on a separate sheet of paper (doing so makes photographic memory link to motion memory) Talking with other students may help you understand different theory elements and problems. To check if you have fully understood a course, try explaining it to another student. Practice past papers Look over previous exams, and try to figure out what are your teacher's requirements. Does he/she emphasize on theory or practical problems? Try determining which pieces of theory can be applied in which type of problems. Build a solving pattern for known types of exercises Only after doing so, try tackling new problems, for which you don't have a solving algorithm. This is where your skill and creativity come into play, but it also depends on how motivated you are and how much you succeeded in learning the theory logically Let's take a course for example. Identify the part/parts from which all the rest derive from and try to figure out why are those things true. Then learn the rest simply by referring to those one or two things you have learned. Next, after solving different types of exercises, solve one similar to the first one again, to see if it's clear how it's done. Do the same for the rest, until you are confident on your skills. One thing is generally true: practice makes perfect! This is especially the case with when looking for best ways to revise for exams.

STUDY WELL


Stress at Work

How to Reduce and Manage Job and Workplace Stress

Coping with Stress: Management and Reduction TechniquesIn this difficult economy, you may find it harder than ever to cope with challenges on the job. Both the stress we take with us when we go to work and the stress that awaits us on the job are on the rise – and employers, managers, and workers all feel the added pressure. While some stress is a normal part of life, excessive stress interferes with your productivity and reduces your physical and emotional health, so it’s important to find ways to keep it under control. Fortunately, there is a lot that you can do to manage and reduce stress at work.

Coping with work stress in today’s uncertain climate

For workers everywhere, the troubled economy may feel like an emotional roller coaster. "Layoffs" and "budget cuts" have become bywords in the workplace, and the result is increased fear, uncertainty, and higher levels of stress. Since job and workplace stress grow in times of economic crisis, it’s important to learn new and better ways of coping with the pressure. The ability to manage stress in the workplace can make the difference between success or failure on the job. Your emotions are contagious, and stress has an impact on the quality of your interactions with others. The better you are at managing your own stress, the more you'll positively affect those around you and the less other people's stress will negatively affect you.

You can learn how to manage job stress

There are a variety of steps you can take to reduce both your overall stress levels and the stress you find on the job and in the workplace. These include:
  • Taking responsibility for improving your physical and emotional well-being.
  • Avoiding pitfalls by identifying knee jerk habits and negative attitudes that add to the stress you experience at work.
  • Learning better communication skills to ease and improve your relationships with management and coworkers.

Warning signs of excessive stress at work

When people feel overwhelmed, they lose confidence and become irritable or withdrawn, making them less productive and effective and their work less rewarding. If the warning signs of work stress go unattended, they can lead to bigger problems. Beyond interfering with job performance and satisfaction, chronic or intense stress can also lead to physical and emotional health problems.

Signs and symptoms of excessive job and workplace stress

  • Feeling anxious, irritable, or depressed
  • Apathy, loss of interest in work.
  • Problems sleeping
  • Fatigue,
  • Trouble concentrating
  • Muscle tension or headaches
  • Stomach problems
  • Social withdrawal
  • Loss of sex drive
  • Using alcohol or drugs to cope

Common causes of excessive workplace stress

  • Fear of layoffs
  • Increased demands for overtime due to staff cutbacks
  • Pressure to perform to meet rising expectations but with no increase in job satisfaction
  • Pressure to work at optimum levels – all the time!

Reducing job stress by taking care of yourself 

When stress on the job is interfering with your ability to work, care for yourself, or manage your personal life, it’s time to take action. Start by paying attention to your physical and emotional health. When your own needs are taken care of, you’re stronger and more resilient to stress. The better you feel, the better equipped you’ll be to manage work stress without becoming overwhelmed.
Taking care of you doesn’t require a total lifestyle overhaul. Even small things can lift your mood, increase your energy, and make you feel like you’re back in the driver’s seat. Take things one step at a time, and as you make more positive lifestyle choices, you’ll soon notice a noticeable difference in your stress level, both at home at work.

Get moving

Aerobic exercise –perspiring -is an effective anti-anxiety treatment lifting mood, increasing energy, sharpening focus and relaxing mind and body.  For maximum stress relief, try to get at least 30 minutes of hear pounding activity on most days but activity can be broken up into two or three short segments.
For more information, see Making Exercise Fun.

Make food choices that keep you going and make you feel good

Eating small but frequent meals throughout the day maintains an even level of blood sugar in your body. Low blood sugar makes you feel anxious and irritable. On the other hand, eating too much can make you lethargic.
To learn more about food that have a calming effect, lift your mood and make you feel good, see Tips for a Healthy Diet.

Drink alcohol in moderation and avoid nicotine

Alcohol temporarily reduces anxiety and worry, but too much can cause anxiety as it wears off. Drinking to relieve job stress can also start you on a path to alcohol abuse and dependence. Similarly, smoking when you're feeling stressed and overwhelmed may seem calming, but nicotine is a powerful stimulant – leading to higher, not lower, levels of anxiety.

Get enough sleep

Stress and worry can cause insomnia. But lack of sleep also leaves you vulnerable to stress. When you're sleep deprived, your ability to handle stress is compromised. When you're well-rested, it's much easier to keep your emotional balance, a key factor in coping with job and workplace stress.
For more information, see Tips for a Good Night's Sleep.

Reducing job stress by prioritizing and organizing

When job and workplace stress surrounds you, you can’t ignore it, but there are simple steps you can take to regain control over yourself and the situation. Your growing sense of self-control will also be perceived by others as the strength it is, leading to better relationships at work. Here are some suggestions for reducing job stress by prioritizing and organizing your responsibilities.

Time management tips for reducing job stress

  • Create a balanced schedule. Analyze your schedule, responsibilities, and daily tasks. All work and no play is a recipe for burnout. Try to find a balance between work and family life, social activities and solitary pursuits, daily responsibilities and downtime.
  • Don’t over-commit yourself. Avoid scheduling things back-to-back or trying to fit too much into one day. All too often, we underestimate how long things will take. If you've got too much on your plate, distinguish between the "shoulds" and the "musts." Drop tasks that aren't truly necessary to the bottom of the list or eliminate them entirely.
  • Try to leave earlier in the morning. Even 10-15 minutes can make the difference between frantically rushing to your desk and having time to ease into your day. Don’t add to your stress levels by running late.
  • Plan regular breaks. Make sure to take short breaks throughout the day to sit back and clear your mind. Also try to get away from your desk for lunch. Stepping away from work to briefly relax and recharge will help you be more, not less, productive.

 

 

Task management tips for reducing job stress

  • Prioritize tasks. Make a list of tasks you have to do, and tackle them in order of importance. Do the high-priority items first. If you have something particularly unpleasant to do, get it over with early. The rest of your day will be more pleasant as a result.
  • Break projects into small steps. If a large project seems overwhelming, make a step-by-step plan. Focus on one manageable step at a time, rather than taking on everything at once.
  • Delegate responsibility. You don’t have to do it all yourself, whether at home, school, or on the job. If other people can take care of the task, why not let them? Let go of the desire to control or oversee every little step. You’ll be letting go of unnecessary stress in the process.

Reducing workplace stress by improving emotional intelligence

Even if you’re in a job where the environment has grown increasingly stressful, you can retain a large measure of self-control and self-confidence by understanding and practicing emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence is the ability to manage and use your emotions in positive and constructive ways. It's about communicating with others in ways that draw people to you, overcome differences, repair wounded feelings, and defuse tension and stress.

Emotional intelligence in the workplace:

Emotional intelligence in the workplace has four major components:
  • Self-awareness – The ability to recognize your emotions and their impact while using gut feelings to guide your decisions.
  • Self-management – The ability to control your emotions and behavior and adapt to changing circumstances.
  • Social awareness – The ability to sense, understand, and react to other's emotions and feel comfortable socially.
  • Relationship management – The ability to inspire, influence, and connect to others and manage conflict.

Reducing stress in the workplace with emotional intelligence

Reducing stress in the workplace with emotional intelligenceThe more emotional intelligence you have, the more stress you can avoid in the workplace. Fortunately, emotional intelligence is not something we’re born with; it’s something we can learn and develop.
To learn how to increase your emotional intelligence, read Five Key Skills for Raising Your Emotional Intelligence.
The skill set that enables you to acquire these capabilities can be learned but requires the development of emotional and nonverbal ways of communicating that include: 
  • Learning to recognize your particular stress response and become familiar with sensual cues that can rapidly calm and energize you.
  • Staying connected to your internal emotional experience so you can appropriately manage your own emotions. Knowing what you are feeling will not only add to your self confidence and improve your self control but enhance your understanding of others and help you build more satisfying relationships.
  • Learning to recognize and effectively use the nonverbal cues that make up 95-98% of your communication process including eye contact, facial expression, tone of voice, posture , gesture and touch.  Its not what you say but how you say it that impacts others –for better or worse.
  • Developing the capacity to meet challenges with humor. There is no better stress buster than a hardy laugh and nothing reduces stress quicker in the workplace than mutually shared humor. But, if the laugh is at someone else’s expense, you may end up with more rather than less stress.
  • Learning to navigate conflict by becoming a good listener and someone who can face conflict fearlessly with the expectation that differences resolved will strengthen the relationship.

Reducing workplace stress by breaking bad habits 

As you learn to manage your job stress and improve your work relationships, you’ll have more control over your ability to think clearly and act appropriately. You will be able to break habits that add to your stress at work – and you’ll even be able to change negative ways of thinking about things that only add to your stress.

Eliminate self-defeating behaviors

Many of us make job stress worse with patterns of thought or behavior that keep us from relieving pressure on ourselves. If you can turn around these self-defeating habits, you’ll find employer-imposed stress easier to handle.
  • Resist perfectionism. No project, situation, or decision is ever perfect, and you put undue stress on yourself by trying to do everything perfectly. When you set unrealistic goals for yourself or try to do too much, you’re setting yourself up to fall short. Do your best, and you’ll do fine.
  • Clean up your act. If you’re always running late, set your clocks and watches fast and give yourself extra time. If your desk is a mess, file and throw away the clutter; just knowing where everything is saves time and cuts stress. Make to-do lists and cross off items as you accomplish them. Plan your day and stick to the schedule — you’ll feel less overwhelmed.
  • Flip your negative thinking. If you see the downside of every situation and interaction, you’ll find yourself drained of energy and motivation. Try to think positively about your work, avoid negative-thinking co-workers, and pat yourself on the back about small accomplishments, even if no one else does.

Find Ways to Dispel Stress

  • Get time away. If you feel stress building, take a break. Walk away from the situation. Take a stroll around the block, sit on a park bench, or spend a few minutes meditating. Exercise does wonders for the psyche. But even just finding a quiet place and listening to your iPod can reduce stress.
  • Talk it out. Sometimes the best stress-reducer is simply sharing your stress with someone close to you. The act of talking it out – and getting support and empathy from someone else – is often an excellent way of blowing off steam and reducing stress.
  • Cultivate allies at work. Just knowing you have one or more co-workers who are willing to assist you in times of stress will reduce your stress level. Just remember to reciprocate and help them when they are in need.
  • Find humor in the situation. When you – or the people around you – start taking things too seriously, find a way to break through with laughter. Share a joke or funny story.

What managers or employers can do to reduce stress at work

It's in a manager's best interest to keep stress levels in the workplace to a minimum. Managers must act as positive role models, especially in times of high stress. All of the tips mentioned in this article are twice as important for managers to follow. If someone that we admire remains calm, it is much easier to remain calm ourselves – and vice versa! There are also organizational changes that managers and employers can make to reduce workplace stress.

Improve communication

  • Share information with employees to reduce uncertainty about their jobs and futures.
  • Clearly define employees’ roles and responsibilities.
  • Make communication  friendly and efficient, not mean-spirited or petty.

Consult your employees

  • Give workers opportunities to participate in decisions that affect their jobs.
  • Consult employees about scheduling and work rules.
  • Be sure the workload is suitable to employees’ abilities and resources; avoid unrealistic deadlines.
  • Show that individual workers are valued.

Offer rewards and incentives

  • Praise good work performance verbally and institutionally.
  • Provide opportunities for career development.
  • Promote an “entrepreneurial” work climate that gives employees more control over their work.

Cultivate a friendly social climate

  • Provide opportunities for social interaction among employees.
  • Establish a zero-tolerance policy for harassment.
  • Make management actions consistent with organizational values.

Wednesday, February 3, 2010

अंग्रेजी भाषा सीखने  की जरुरत क्यों
हिंदी हमारी मात्रभाषा है.इसका हमें सम्मान करना चाहिए ये बात ठीक ही लेकिन   अंग्रेजी एक ग्लोबल लैंग्वेज है. और आज हर